Translation, he explained, well suited careful old men.
Resuming the European journey that had been interrupted by Leggett’s debacle in 1836, Bryant returned to Europe in 1845. Close ties with Lorenzo Da Ponte, Mozart’s great librettist who had moved to New York from London and had made promotion of Italian opera his mission, introduced Bryant to this art during his first year in the city, while the busy editor studied Italian. Close friends noted his growing maturity. His wife, whose health was failing by the time of the purchase, did not live to see the renovations completed. The town that had seemed so pleasant after the misery of Plainfield now irritated him with its provincial isolation and the pinched lives of its inhabitants. an American romantic poet, journalist, and long-time editor of the New York Evening Post. The following spring, the man who had once worried about speaking in public was delivering four lectures on poetry at the New York AthenΦum. A three-month respite in Cummington followed; then, within view of the front porch on which he had played as a child, he set up his law office in decidedly rural Plainfield. Where hast thou wandered, gentle gale, to find the perfumes thou dost bring? Frank Gado, ed., in conjunction with Nicholas B. Stevens. Bryant made important contributions to American conservation through his nature poetry, as a journalist, an advocate for the creation of Central Park, as friend to Hudson River School poets, and as editor of Picturesque America, an illustrated tour guide that introduced the American public to many of the natural and cultural highlights of the American scenery of his day. Even so, his fiction deserves more respect than it has received. As both an American poet respected by Europe and an editor at the center of New York City’s cultural renaissance, Bryant found himself called upon to play the role of prophet. But these explanations are misleading.
Paradoxically, however, its anger cloaks a subtle movement away from the heresy of “Thanatopsis,” particularly in postulating “a happier life” for his father after resurrection.
The fame he won as a poet while in his youth remained with him as he entered his 80s; only, The boy’s grandfather pressed a contrasting worldview on him. In the 19th century, however, when the idea of America’s global Manifest Destiny rallied much popular support, it fared considerably better. The burden of farm chores, imposed as much for their value as moral discipline as for necessity, taxed his frail physique and delicate health, and although he was ever the prize pupil, eager to please by demonstrating his brightness, the district school imposed a strict regimen: lessons were taught under threat of the switch. William Cullen Bryant wrote “Thanatopsis” in 1811. Had he thought little of these efforts? Poet and editor William Cullen Bryant stood among the most celebrated figures in the frieze of 19th-century America. The dwellings have a pleasant appearance, often standing by themselves in the midst of gardens.
When Peter Bryant, elected as representative to the state legislature in 1806, conveyed the political passions of Boston in his letters and his trips home to Cummington, Cullen absorbed the excitement, styling his juvenile understanding according to the father’s Federalist partisanship. This reemerging poet, however, had little in common with the former prodigy schooled in the Ancients and in Pope’s crystalline verse.
Conscious of the need to adapt to the demands of the role he was determined to play successfully, he fought to overcome his inhibitions in public speaking and to cultivate the trust of potential clients.
Once his father dies, however, grief causes the argument to collapse. The Rivulet Trail parallels the rivulet that Bryant wrote about in his poem “The Rivulet” (1823), which describes “this little rill, that from the springs Of yonder grove its current brings, Plays on the slope awhile, and then Goes prattling into groves again.”. A letter to a friend records his distress: it speaks of farming or a trade, possibly even blacksmithing—an implausible option given spells of pulmonary weakness and his recurrent headaches—as preferable to the law should he not realize his wish to resume under-graduate studies in New Haven the next term. Thy growth, to be resolved to earth again, And, lost each human trace, surrendering up, And to the sluggish clod, which the rude swain, Turns with his share, and treads upon. It had grown obvious to Bryant that, if he wished to be free to travel, he would have to look elsewhere for a trustworthy assistant. The debut of this new voice, however, was clouded by confusion. That same year, he also signed an exclusive contract to sell his poems to Graham’s Magazine at $50 apiece—a record high price for poetry.
A beautiful city is Richmond, seated on the hills that overlook the James River. Fair forms, and hoary seers of ages past, Rock-ribbed and ancient as the sun,—the vales. A citizen of the United States, travelling on the continent of Europe, finds the contrast between a government of power and a government of opinion forced upon him at every step. Among his causes over the decades, he had been the prime advocate for a unified and uniformed police department, agitated for the paving of the city streets, led the way for creation of Central Park, fought for establishment of the Metropolitan Museum of Art as a cardinal attribute of a great world city, and supported the right of labor to unionize. Later, a special train took the body to Roslyn, Long Island, his home for 35 years, where he was interred beside his wife.
In addition to liberal economic policies that included free trade, support for labor to organize, opposition to monopolies, pro-immigrant policies, and low interest rates, he consistently stood for resistance to the spread of slavery. Throughout the lines of this fairly long poem, Bryant speaker talks directly to a listener who has professed fear of dying. At no time prior to the Civil War was the Union so threatened with dissolution. Another Scotsman, Robert Blair, had an even stronger influence; his enormously popular 1743 poem, “The Grave,” had marked a shift in taste and practice from the crisp wit and erudition of the Neoclassic age to the brooding emotional indulgence that would fuse with subsequent elements of romanticism.
He is considered an American nature poet and journalist, who wrote poems, essays, and articles that championed the rights of workers and immigrants. Bryant had also been veering toward Democratic positions in other areas, and he admired Andrew Jackson and felt personally drawn to his good friend Paulding’s good friend Martin Van Buren–all of which made for comfortable relations between the notoriously fiery Coleman and his assistant editor.
The collegiate venture, however, did not survive the year. In the eruption of colleges across the young republic he saw an unmistakable sign that society would be drawing its leaders from the new elite being formally trained; nagging concerns about his financial resources and his precept that all his children should receive even-handed treatment would have to be pushed to the side so that Cullen’s intellect might be properly nurtured.
At 17 and 18, he was discovering the pleasure of conversation at the tavern, and, with rising enthusiasm, of assaying the young ladies in the neighborhood’s genteel parlors. No such judgment has been recorded, but if he had a low opinion of his talent for such writing, it seems unlikely that he would have embarked on, The signal literary event of the decade for Bryant, however, was his publication of a new edition of, Unluckily, while his literary fortunes were in ascendence, sorrows battered his personal life. His last publisher, Appleton, aware that Bryant’s name now guaranteed a handsome sale, asked him to write the text for, Michael P. Branch, "WCB: The Nature Poet As Environmental Journalist,".
His youth had come to an end quite different from his expectations; dispirited, he wrote a valediction to “visions of verse and of fame.” He had “mixed with the world” and sacrificed his purity; now he could only hope that those bright visions might “sometimes return, and in mercy awaken / The glories ye showed to his earlier years.” He was all of 21 years old. After the election, however, Bryant criticized Lincoln for not immediately emancipating all slaves, and then for not prosecuting the war vigorously enough. His last publisher, Appleton, aware that Bryant’s name now guaranteed a handsome sale, asked him to write the text for Picturesque America, a two-volume folio of engravings that cost over $100,000 to print—a gargantuan sum in those days. Relying on Bryant’s casual recall, much later in his life, editors have frequently assigned the middle section—i.e., the first of its several drafts—to 1811, speculating that it was begun in the early fall, just after his withdrawal from Williams.
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