Contact a GARD Information Specialist. A rare exception is the syndrome called intractable sneezing, which has usually been found in adolescent girls.
In patients who show the photic sneeze reflex, an injection into the eye, such as that undergone in a retrobulbar or peribulbar block, can often elicit a sneeze from the patient. As such, if one parent is affected, their child has a 50% chance of inheriting the syndrome. Scientists originally thought this reflex was probably due to a single genetic variant based on the way the trait is passed down through families. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology
There is much debate about the true cause and mechanism of the sneezing fits brought about by the photic sneeze reflex. NCATS Translational Approach Addresses COVID-19 May 21, 2020
Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2012-. Sneezing occurs in response to irritation in the nasal cavity, which results in an afferent nerve fiber signal propagating through the ophthalmic and maxillary branches of the trigeminal nerve to the trigeminal nerve nuclei in the brainstem.
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[5][6], During surgeries in and around the eye, such as corneal transplant surgery, the patient often requires injection of a local anesthetic into the eye. There is a possibility that sensory input from the eyes could travel to the neurons in the cortex that interpret such signals, but neighboring neurons which are involved in sneezing are also activated, due to the generalization.
This condition tends to occur more severely after one has emerged into the light after spending time in a dark environment. Examples of virulent infections that spread by sneezing include measles, mumps, rubella, influenza and coronavirus [11], A fit of sneezing while operating a vehicle can cause the operator to lose control of that vehicle, resulting in injury to the person, and damage to the vehicle and/or surroundings. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), Rare Diseases Are Not Rare - Gallery of Creative Work Raises Awareness of Rare Diseases, NIH-Supported Research Survey to Examine Impact of COVID-19 on Rare Diseases Community, NCATS Translational Approach Addresses COVID-19. Sneezing on exposure to bright light as an inherited response. [8] Stomach fullness is another example of a stimulus that can cause uncontrollable sneezing.
Medical Genetics Summaries [Internet]. These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. ACHOO syndrome: Rare Types. The diagnosis of ACHOO syndrome is usually made by clinical history. Any amount of sneezing while attempting to land could cause the pilot to lose control, potentially resulting in disaster.
People with the same disease may not have
National Center for Biotechnology Information (US), Bethesda (MD). May 22, 2020, NCATS Translational Approach Addresses COVID-19 Autosomal Dominant Compelling Helioopthalmic Outburst (ACHOO) Syndrome is characterized by uncontrollable sneezing in response to the sudden exposure to bright light, typically intense sunlight (1). [21] Although plausible, scientists later determined this theory to also be incorrect because sun-induced sneezing occurs too quickly after sunlight exposure; watering of the eyes is a slower process, so it could not play a vital part in triggering the reflex. This summation can lead to a sneeze in the unconscious patient.
All Medical Genetics Summaries content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license which permits copying, distribution, and adaptation of the work, provided the original work is properly cited and any changes from the original work are properly indicated. [23] The genetic basis of photic sneezing still remains unclear, and single genes for this condition have not been found and studied. Perhaps the most universal risk of sneezing is the spread of disease. Created: October 15, 2012; Last Update: July 27, 2015. You may find these specialists through advocacy organizations, clinical trials, or articles published in medical journals. Sneezing generally does not present any particular risks to the individual, and is usually more an annoyance than a risk of injury. We remove all identifying information when posting a question to protect your privacy.
[22] In the 17th century, English philosopher Francis Bacon disproved Aristotle's theory by facing the sun with his eyes closed, which did not elicit the ordinary sneeze response.
Although the syndrome is thought to affect about 18-35% of the human population, it is relatively harmless and not widely studied. Have a question?
You may also want to contact a university or tertiary medical center in your area, because these centers tend to see more complex cases and have the latest technology and treatments.
You may want to review these resources with a medical professional. This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. [14] A 2010 study demonstrated a correlation between photic sneezing and a single-nucleotide polymorphism on chromosome 2. If you need medical advice, you can look for doctors or other healthcare professionals who have experience with this disease. About one in four individuals who already have a prickling sensation in their nose will sneeze in response to sunlight, but “pure” photic sneezing is far less common (2). [7], A condition called gustatory rhinitis can cause some individuals to sneeze after eating, particularly after the consumption of spicy foods.
ACHOO syndrome or photic sneezing syndrome is inherited to …
This could lead to a sneeze in response to a stimulus other than nasal irritation. An example of directly stimulating would be plucking an eyebrow or pulling hair. If you do not want your question posted, please let us know. As such, if one parent is affected, their child has a 50% chance of inheriting the syndrome. [12], While this phenomenon is poorly understood, recent research has shown that antihistamines being used to treat rhinitis due to seasonal allergies may also reduce the occurrence of photic sneezes in people affected by both conditions. Benbow E.W. The photic sneeze reflex (also known as Autosomal Compelling Helio-Ophthalmic Outburst (ACHOO) syndrome[1] or photosneezia, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, "light" and colloquially sun sneezing) is a reflex condition that causes sneezing in response to numerous stimuli, such as looking at bright lights or periocular (surrounding the eyeball) injection.
this hypersensitive state, the periocular injection stimulates the ophthalmic and/or maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve, which results in summation in the trigeminal nuclei.
In particular, photic sneezing poses a considerable risk to pilots, due to the frequent presence of bright sunlight and the precise reactions needed to successfully control the aircraft.
A plane landing on an aircraft carrier or shoreline also requires precise movements and quick reflexes. [3], Uncontrollable fits of sneezing are common in patients under propofol sedation who undergo periocular or retrobulbar injection.[12].
ACHOO syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner (1).
He assumed that looking at the sun's light made the eyes water, and then that moisture proceeded to seep into the nose and irritate it, causing a sneeze. Rare Diseases Are Not Rare - Gallery of Creative Work Raises Awareness of Rare Diseases September 1, 2020 . A photic sneeze results from exposure to a bright light and is the most common manifestation of the photic sneeze reflex.
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